夏天炎热问题剖析​

Analysis of the problem of hot summer weather

材质影响：济南常见停车棚材质对夏季炎热感受影响显著。彩钢板停车棚，因彩钢板热传导性强，夏日阳光直射下，热量迅速传入棚内，致使棚内温度大幅攀升，常比外界高 5 - 10℃，车辆长时间停放其中，车内内饰易因高温加速老化，电子元件也可能受影响。膜结构停车棚则不同，其选用的膜材多有良好隔热性能，如 PTFE 膜材，能反射部分太阳辐射热，且膜材表面光滑，不易积聚热量，棚内温度相对稳定，一般仅比外界高 2 - 5℃，可有效降低车辆被暴晒程度。​

Material influence: Common parking shed materials in Jinan have a significant impact on the feeling of summer heat. Color steel plate parking shed, due to its strong thermal conductivity, quickly transfers heat into the shed under direct sunlight in summer, causing the temperature inside the shed to rise significantly, often 5-10 ℃ higher than the outside. Vehicles parked in it for a long time are prone to accelerated aging of the interior due to high temperatures, and electronic components may also be affected. The membrane structure parking shed is different. The selected membrane materials often have good thermal insulation performance, such as PTFE membrane material, which can reflect some solar radiation heat. The surface of the membrane material is smooth and not easy to accumulate heat. The temperature inside the shed is relatively stable, generally only 2-5 ℃ higher than the outside, which can effectively reduce the degree of vehicle exposure to sunlight. ​

设计因素：停车棚设计对散热关重要。合理的通风设计能极大改善夏季炎热状况。部分停车棚在顶部或侧面设置通风口，利用热空气上升原理，形成自然对流，加速棚内空气流通，带走热量。例如，一些大型停车场的停车棚采用错落式屋顶设计，增加空气流通路径，使棚内空气循环更顺畅，降低闷热感。若停车棚周围绿化良好，如种植高大乔木遮阴，也能减少阳光直射，降低棚内温度，为车辆营造更舒适停放环境。​

Design factor: Parking shed design is crucial for heat dissipation. Reasonable ventilation design can greatly improve the hot summer conditions. Some parking sheds are equipped with ventilation openings at the top or sides, utilizing the principle of hot air rising to form natural convection, accelerating air circulation inside the shed, and taking away heat. For example, some large parking lots use staggered roof designs to increase air circulation paths, making the air circulation inside the shed smoother and reducing the feeling of stuffiness. If the greenery around the parking shed is good, such as planting tall trees for shade, it can also reduce direct sunlight, lower the temperature inside the shed, and create a more comfortable parking environment for vehicles. ​

冬季积雪承载问题探讨​

Discussion on the problem of winter snow carrying capacity

结构强度：停车棚结构强度决定其能否承受冬季积雪重压。常见的钢结构停车棚，采用工字钢、槽钢等作为骨架，具有较高强度和稳定性。依据济南历年降雪量，合理设计钢结构的规格与布局，可确保在较大积雪厚度下不发生变形或坍塌。如一些新建小区的停车棚，经结构计算，选用加厚钢材并优化支撑结构，能承受每 30 - 50 千克积雪重量。而部分简易停车棚，采用较细管材搭建，结构设计不合理，在积雪稍厚时就可能出现骨架弯曲、焊点开裂等问题，难以保障车辆。​

Structural strength: The structural strength of a parking shed determines whether it can withstand the heavy pressure of winter snow. The common steel structure parking shed uses I-beams, channel steel, etc. as the skeleton, which has high strength and stability. Based on the snowfall in Jinan over the years, the reasonable design of steel structure specifications and layout can ensure that deformation or collapse does not occur under heavy snow thickness. For some newly built parking sheds in residential areas, after professional structural calculations, thickened steel is selected and the support structure is optimized to withstand a snow weight of 30-50 kilograms per square meter. However, some simple parking shelters are built with thinner pipes and have an unreasonable structural design. When the snow is slightly thick, problems such as skeleton bending and welding point cracking may occur, making it difficult to ensure vehicle safety. ​

坡度设计：停车棚坡度对积雪滑落影响重大。合适坡度能使积雪在自身重力作用下顺利滑落，减轻棚顶压力。济南地区停车棚坡度一般设计在 15° - 30° 之间。坡度太小，积雪易堆积；坡度太大则可能影响美观与空间利用。如一些商业广场的停车棚，设计为 20° 左右坡度，在降雪时，大部分积雪能及时滑落，有效避免积雪积压导致的隐患。同时，定期清理停车棚顶部积雪，也是保障其的重要措施，物业或管理方应在降雪后及时组织人员清理，防止积雪过厚对停车棚造成损害。

Slope design: The slope of the parking shed has a significant impact on the sliding of snow. A suitable slope can allow snow to slide smoothly under its own gravity, reducing the pressure on the roof. The slope of parking shelters in Jinan area is generally designed between 15 ° and 30 °. The slope is too small, making it easy for snow to accumulate; A steep slope may affect aesthetics and spatial utilization. For example, some parking sheds in commercial squares are designed with a slope of around 20 degrees. During snowfall, most of the snow can slide off in a timely manner, effectively avoiding safety hazards caused by accumulated snow. At the same time, regularly cleaning the snow on the top of the parking shed is also an important measure to ensure its safety. The property or management should organize personnel to clean it up in a timely manner after snowfall to prevent excessive snow from causing damage to the parking shed.

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